Video Recording Tape Formats

Tape Formats

a. VHS
b. 8m.m
c. H18
d. S.VHS
e. Hi8
f. U-matic
g. Beta
h. Beta Cam
i. Digital Tape

a. VHS Series
This kind of tapes using normally in Camcorders. In 1978 JVC(Japan Company)is released this format. The size of the cassette is 92x59x29m.m. The width of the tape is0.5inch. Normal scaning capacity is 250 line. Not using for professional purpose.

b. Millimeter series(8m.m)
Very small and comfortable format. Width of the tape is 8m.m

c. H-18 Series
480 line scaning capacity. Developed format of 8m.m. This tape is very thin metal. Hi frequencyand bands are comprehend.

d. S.VHS Series
In 1987 JVC introduced this tape to the world. The Sensitivity is this tape is morethantenfold from the normal VHS(eg:- in VHS Luminans is 4.7 mega hrtz. In S.VHS Luminans is 7 mega hrtz). This tapes can recorde in 400 line capacity.

e. Hi-8 Series
400 line scaning capacity. Width of the tape is 3 m.m. Size of the cassette is equal to 8m.m series.

f. U-matic Series.
Sony Company introduced this tape. Scaning capacity is 240 line. Width of the tape is:12.7m.m. Its an a very big sizecassette. The hi band super SP U-matic format's scaning line capacity is 330.

g. Beta Series
Beta SP, Beta ED tapes are very high technical quality formats.Introduced in 1977. Using additionally for professional recording. Recording capacity is 625 line. Available in NTSC, PAL, Secam formats.

h. Beta Cam Series
Sony Company introduce this high quality 0.5 inch tapes for professional recordings. Chrominance and luminance signalsare seperated in this tape(Component), so the sound and picture will get high quality. Dolby sound can include in this tapes.

i. Digital Tape Series
Width of the tape is 1 inch. Usage time is 90minutes. Available in D1, D2, D3, DCT and Mini DV, DV CAM,DV CAM Standard formats

Some Tips of Photography

(HMI) Metal Hydregan Medium Arch Length Mercury Iodide. Osram, Germany(1920)

(ND) Neutral Density

(CCD) Charge Coupled Device

(PAL) Phase Alternating Line

(NTSC) National Television System Committee
(ASA) American standard Association

(DIN) Dasche Industric Normal

Equipments for Lighting

1. Ban door

2. snoot

3. Flag

4. Scrims

5. Dot

6. Ulcer

7. Cookie

8. Gels

9. Dimmer

10. cyclorama

EI= Exposure Index (Scale for emulsion sensitivity) eg:-EI-I=100, EI-2=200.

Formula of Exposure

Focal length of the lense = Exposure(Iris)

shutter

BASICS OF LIGHTING

A.Key light

B.Fill Light

C.Back Light

D.background Light

Motivation Light= The lights normally available in the locations, like street light,candle light etc..

KELVIN SCALE

Candle: 1800k

Ordinary bulb: 2500k

Foto flash: 3400k

Sun light: 2500-25,000k

Pattern of Lighting

1. Mood light

2. realistic light

3. Modelling light

Edison discovered first movie camera operating motor by hand in 1891.

Peter Cooper Hewilt discovered the first light(Bulb filled with mercury)in 1901.
Thomas Alwa Edison discovered the aspect ratio 4:3.Length of the visual is 75% more than the width(This called Aspect Ratio)
Dr. Takashi Fujio(Head of department Japan Broadcasting Corporation)- discovered the 16:9 aspect ratio(High Definition Television).

Visual media's aspect ratio

Cinema-Television- 4:3

Cinemascope- 2.35:1

Wide screen Television- 16:9

Different shots by size wise

a. Extreme Close up (ECU).

b. Big close up (BCU).

c. Close up (CU).

d. Waste,chest shot (WS,CS).

e. Medium close up (MCU).

f. Full long shot (FLS).

g. Medium long shot (MLS).

h. Long shot (LS).

i. Extreme long shot (ELS).